The important features of Object Oriented Programming

a)      Encapsulation

b)      Abstraction

c)      Inheritance

d)     Polymorphism

a) Encapsulation: The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together with an object definition.  By means of Encapsulation, it is possible to protect the data.

b) Abstraction: It is the process of defining data type, often called as an abstract data type, together with the principle of data hiding.

            Abstract Data type refers to the program defined data type together with a set of operations than can be performed on the data.  Data hiding is a property where by the internal data structure of an object is hidden from the rest of the program.  The data can be accessed only by the function declared with in the class.

c) Inheritance: Inheritance is the mechanism that allows the programmer to derive new classes from existing classes.  The derived classes inherit the methods and data of the parent class.

d) Polymorphism: Polymorphism is a feature that allows giving a single name to different methods with different parameters.  Depending on the parameters only one particular method is executed.

Object Based Programming = Data Encapsulation + Data Hiding + Overloading (Polymorphism)

Example:         Ada

Dynamic Binding: When a method is called within a program, it associated with the program at run time rather than at compile time is called dynamic binding.

Object Oriented Programming = Object Based Programming Concepts + Inheritance + Dynamic Binding (Polymorphism)

Example:         C++, JAVA